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Energy storage: Difference between revisions
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* Homes could be heated with hydrogen gas instead of natural gas. | * Homes could be heated with hydrogen gas instead of natural gas. | ||
* Gas-powered stoves could easily be adapted to burn hydrogen. | * Gas-powered stoves could easily be adapted to burn hydrogen. | ||
===Lithium-ion batteries=== | ===Lithium-ion batteries=== | ||
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|<nowiki>%</nowiki> | |<nowiki>%</nowiki> | ||
}} | }} | ||
===Iron-redox flow batteries=== | ===Iron-redox flow batteries=== | ||
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** This battery is '''not''' suited for electric vehicles. | ** This battery is '''not''' suited for electric vehicles. | ||
< | There ''would'' be enough iron: | ||
{{dp | |||
|iron.reserves | |||
|85 billion tonnes | |||
|Global iron reserves - iron metal recoverable | |||
|Source: Global iron ore reserves 2010-2021 - Statista | |||
}} | |||
{{dp | |||
|irfb.energy_by_mass | |||
|85 watt hours per kg | |||
|Specific energy of an iron redox flow battery | |||
|Using half the "theoretical specific energy" of 170 watt hours per kg. This battery hasn't really been commercialized yet, so it's safe to assume that we won't be close to the theoretical maximum in the near future. | |||
<br /><br />Source: https://dornsife.usc.edu/labs/narayan/all-iron-redox-flow-battery/ | |||
}} | |||
{{calc | |||
|other_energy_storage_needed / irfb.energy_by_mass | |||
|% iron.reserves | |||
}} | |||
===Lead-acid batteries=== | |||
Besides being toxic, there wouldn't be enough lead to scale these up: | |||
{{dp | |||
|lead.reserves | |||
|90 million tonnes | |||
| | |||
|Global lead reserves 2010-2021 - Statista | |||
}} | |||
{{dp | |||
|lead_acid.energy_by_mass | |||
|38 watt hours per kg | |||
|Specific energy of a lead-acid battery | |||
|Source: Lead-acid battery - Wikipedia | |||
}} | |||
{{dp | |||
|lead_acid.lead | |||
|60% | |||
|How much of a lead-acid battery is lead, by mass | |||
|Source: Lead-acid battery - Wikipedia | |||
}} | |||
{{calc | |||
|other_energy_storage_needed * lead_acid.lead / lead_acid.energy_by_mass | |||
|% lead.reserves | |||
}} | |||
The only advantage is that some people already have a few lead-acid car batteries they could use in some DIY home energy storage solution. | |||
===Flywheels=== | ===Flywheels=== | ||
[[Flywheels]] store energy mechanically by spinning a heavy rotor at high speeds. This has been implemented before, both inside vehicles {{x|but not necessarily storing enough energy to power the vehicle for more than a few kilometers at best}} ''and'' in stationary electrical systems {{x|with a much higher specific energy}}. | [[Flywheels]] store energy mechanically by spinning a heavy rotor at high speeds. This has been implemented before, both inside vehicles {{x|but not necessarily storing enough energy to power the vehicle for more than a few kilometers at best}} ''and'' in stationary electrical systems {{x|with a much higher specific energy}}. | ||
If flywheels are made mostly of [[steel]] (which is mostly iron | If flywheels are made mostly of [[steel]] (which is mostly iron), we ''would'' have enough metal to build enough of them: | ||
{{dp | {{dp | ||
|flywheels.practical.energy_by_mass | |flywheels.practical.energy_by_mass | ||
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| | | | ||
|https://web.archive.org/web/20100710052927/http://www.pddnet.com/article-next-gen-of-flywheel-energy-storage/ | |https://web.archive.org/web/20100710052927/http://www.pddnet.com/article-next-gen-of-flywheel-energy-storage/ | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{calc | {{calc | ||