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Energy storage: Difference between revisions
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(Created page with "In the pursuit of green energy, storage is needed for 2 reasons: # To smooth out the intermittency of solar and wind power. # To store energy in electric vehicles without gasoline or diesel. ==Types== ===Lithium-ion batteries=== ===Iron-redox flow batteries=== ===Flywheels=== ===Compressed air=== ===Gravity blocks===") |
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# To smooth out the intermittency of [[solar]] and [[wind]] power. | # To smooth out the intermittency of [[solar]] and [[wind]] power. | ||
# To store energy in [[electric vehicles|electric vehicles]] without gasoline or diesel. | # To store energy in [[electric vehicles|electric vehicles]] without gasoline or diesel. | ||
==How much would be needed?== | |||
{{dp | |||
|ev.battery | |||
|65.2 kWh | |||
|Energy capacity of the average electric vehicle battery | |||
|<cite>Useable battery capacity of full electric vehicles</cite>https://ev-database.org/cheatsheet/useable-battery-capacity-electric-car | |||
}} | |||
{{dp | |||
|world.cars | |||
|1.446 billion | |||
| | |||
|<cite>How Many Cars Are There In The World in 2022?</cite> | |||
https://hedgescompany.com/blog/2021/06/how-many-cars-are-there-in-the-world/ | |||
}} | |||
{{dp | |||
|commercial_factor | |||
|2 | |||
| | |||
|Without this, we'd be calculating for just personal vehicles. But we also need to factor in commercial vehicles such as buses and trucks. These vary widely in size, and data is hard to find, so for simplicity sake, we just assume that they'd add up to about the same as personal vehicles - thus doubling total energy storage needed. This assumption is based on the fact that freight trucks are a somewhat smaller share of [[energy demand scenarios|energy demand]] than passenger vehicles, but the trucks probably need a longer range. | |||
}} | |||
{{calc | |||
|world.cars * ev.battery * commercial_factor | |||
|terajoules | |||
|vehicle_energy_storage_needed | |||
}} | |||
^ This could be reduced by [[walkability]] and [[public transit]] (specifically rail). | |||
{{dp | |||
|other_energy.tfc | |||
|3290.73 Mtoe/year | |||
|Global energy usage, total final consumption minus transport and industrial | |||
|Source: Key World Energy Statistics 2020 (IEA report)<br />We subtract transport because it was already dealt with above. We subtract industrial because - in principle, most factories/industry could just run during peak sunlight/wind, needing negligable energy storage. | |||
}} | |||
{{dp | |||
|timescale | |||
|24 hours | |||
|How big the "buffer" of energy storage would have to be to be resiliant against weather fluctuations | |||
|The exact number could be up for debate. Join the {{talk}}. | |||
}} | |||
{{calc | |||
|other_energy.tfc * timescale | |||
|terajoules | |||
|grid_energy_storage_needed | |||
}} | |||
^ This could be reduced by alternative heating/cooling systems for homes/buildings. | |||
==Types== | ==Types== | ||
===Hydrogen gas=== | |||
===Lithium-ion batteries=== | ===Lithium-ion batteries=== | ||