Energy storage: Difference between revisions
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# To store energy in [[electric vehicles]]. | # To store energy in [[electric vehicles]]. | ||
==Types== | <small>Note: This page does not include [[thermal energy storage]].</small> | ||
==Types / Candidates== | |||
{|class="wikitable" | {|class="wikitable" | ||
!Type | !Type | ||
! | !Status | ||
|- | |||
|[[Sodium-ion batteries]] | |||
|Good potential / needs investment. | |||
|- | |||
|[[Sodium-sulfur batteries]] | |||
|Good potential / needs investment. | |||
|- | |||
|[[Hydrogen gas]] | |||
|Okay for some applications, but too lossy & platinum-intensive for others. | |||
|- | |||
|[[Lithium ferro phosphate batteries]]<!--(LiFePo4 or LFP)--> | |||
|Okay if used in moderation. A bit too lithium-intensive to be a general solution. | |||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Lithium-ion batteries]] | |[[Lithium-ion batteries]] <small>(NMC/NCA type)</small> | ||
| | |Not scalable enough: Too [[cobalt]]-intensive. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Lithium-sulfur batteries]] | |[[Lithium-sulfur batteries]] | ||
|Can't handle enough charge cycles<!-- | |Can't handle enough charge cycles.<!-- | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Lithium Titanate (Li4Ti5O12 or LTO) | |Lithium Titanate (Li4Ti5O12 or LTO) | ||
|? --> | |? --> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[ | |[[Lead-acid batteries]] | ||
| | |Toxic / hazardous. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | !colspan=2|Stationary storage only (power grid, not vehicles) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Iron redox flow batteries]] | |[[Iron redox flow batteries]] | ||
| | |Good potential / needs investment. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Compressed air energy storage|Compressed air]] | |[[Compressed air energy storage|Compressed air]] | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|[[Pumped hydro]] | |[[Pumped hydro]] | ||
|Only viable in rare geographical locations | |Only viable in rare geographical locations. | ||
|- | |||
|[[Flywheels]] | |||
|? | |||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Gravity blocks]] | |[[Gravity blocks]] | ||
|Outrageously high environmental footprint of construction | |Not viable: Outrageously high environmental footprint of construction. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
<small>For more details, read the wikipage of each energy storage type. Links are in the table.</small> | <small>For more details, read the wikipage of each energy storage type. Links are in the table.</small> | ||
So far, sodium-based batteries seem to have the most hope of being a widespread solution - along with iron-based batteries for stationary energy storage. | So far, sodium-based batteries seem to have the [[the great battery challenge|most hope]] of being a widespread solution - along with iron-based batteries for stationary energy storage. | ||
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==How much energy storage might be needed?== | ==How much energy storage might be needed?== | ||
Some quick estimates: | Some quick estimates: | ||
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There are more options for this type of energy storage, because it's stationary (not moving in a vehicle). | There are more options for this type of energy storage, because it's stationary (not moving in a vehicle). | ||
These numbers might be reused on other wikipages to assess the large-scale viability of various types of energy storage. Don't worry if you're not familiar with <code>terajoules</code> as an [[energy/units|energy unit]]. | |||
TODO: | |||
* Improve the above commented-out calculations. | |||
* Put them in templates {{Grid energy storage}} and {{Vehicle energy storage}} | |||
* Use the templates on the wikipage of each energy storage type. | |||
--> | --> | ||
[[Category:Energy storage]] | |||
Latest revision as of 15:57, 26 February 2024
In the pursuit of green energy, storage is needed for 2 reasons:
- To smooth out the intermittency of solar and wind power.
- To store energy in electric vehicles.
Note: This page does not include thermal energy storage.
Types / Candidates
| Type | Status |
|---|---|
| Sodium-ion batteries | Good potential / needs investment. |
| Sodium-sulfur batteries | Good potential / needs investment. |
| Hydrogen gas | Okay for some applications, but too lossy & platinum-intensive for others. |
| Lithium ferro phosphate batteries | Okay if used in moderation. A bit too lithium-intensive to be a general solution. |
| Lithium-ion batteries (NMC/NCA type) | Not scalable enough: Too cobalt-intensive. |
| Lithium-sulfur batteries | Can't handle enough charge cycles. |
| Lead-acid batteries | Toxic / hazardous. |
| Stationary storage only (power grid, not vehicles) | |
| Iron redox flow batteries | Good potential / needs investment. |
| Compressed air | ? |
| Pumped hydro | Only viable in rare geographical locations. |
| Flywheels | ? |
| Gravity blocks | Not viable: Outrageously high environmental footprint of construction. |
For more details, read the wikipage of each energy storage type. Links are in the table.
So far, sodium-based batteries seem to have the most hope of being a widespread solution - along with iron-based batteries for stationary energy storage.